千万吨铁矿石囤积港口 中国经济遇到大麻烦(图)

kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

2012年5月8日，山东青岛港货运码头正在卸载铁矿石。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

千万吨铁矿石滞留青岛港，大型矿砂船船主因为持续亏损而拆船，钢铁厂不再大炼钢铁，这一切似乎表明，中国经济已经遇到了麻烦。不过，新的刺激政策会因此而来吗?kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

汽笛声中，“香港河里”号缓缓停在薄雾中的青岛港前湾20万吨级矿石码头。系缆工将最后几根直径十余厘米的粗缆，套在码头笨重的铁桩上。沿着与码头平行的铁轨，三台60米高的桥式卸船机开了过来，巨型“抓斗”伸出，从船上卸下铁矿粉，通过延绵十几公里长的运输带送到堆场。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

在前湾港这片超级堆场衬托下，巨轮看起来就像一个玩具。在一个有门卫看守的大门后面，是青岛前湾港的铁矿石堆场，几百座黄色、褐色、灰色的铁矿石小山堆满了港区的角落，足有上千万吨之多。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

过去，这些铁矿石意味着滚滚财源。而现在，它们成了青岛港的大麻烦。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

这些铁矿石通常是贸易商买来或钢铁厂预订的，但随着铁矿石价格的下降和需求减少，很多钢铁厂不愿兑现合同、贸易商则找不到下家接手，只能任由铁矿石堆积在港口。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

青岛港是中国最大的铁矿石进口港之一，铁矿石进口量几乎占了中国总进口量的1/7。曾经每天有1万多辆卡车和30多列火车载满铁矿石，从港口驶向河北、山西、陕西等中国内陆省份——卡车有两层楼高，每列火车长达1.5公里，庞大的车流仿佛一条条河流。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

但在过去半年里，这条“河流”开始断流了。中国钢铁工业协会数据显示，作为全球最大的钢铁生产国，2011年中国钢铁需求增速放缓至8%，2012年则可能放缓至4%。钢铁产量下降直接影响了两种主要炼钢用的大宗商品的需求——铁矿石和焦煤。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

青岛港积压的铁矿石货主之一，济南钢铁一位高管向南方周末记者表示，由于房地产调控及基建业急刹车，钢铁供应严重过剩，济南钢铁不得不削减产量，努力将铁矿石库存保持在低位，并试图扩展非钢业务过冬。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

拆掉办公楼堆铁矿石kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

“如今钢厂都只维持一个最低量的运转，贸易商的货全堆在码头上了，整个码头铁矿石堆积量在1500万吨左右，码头连办公楼都拆了堆铁矿石，实在找不出地能腾出来做堆场了。”kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

即使站在青岛市中山路的百盛写字楼，俯瞰十多公里外夕阳中的青岛港前湾码头，巨大的矿砂船和堆积如山的铁矿石也颇令人震撼。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

青岛港辐射华北地区，河北钢铁、山东钢铁等大型钢铁企业都有矿石从这里进港。在过去的2011年，这里进口了超过1亿吨铁矿石。这些砂砾来自巴西、澳大利亚或者南非，被全球矿山巨头淡水河谷、力拓、必和必拓等从地下挖出后，装入十几万吨的好望角型船里，经过40天或者半个月的漫长海运，方抵达青岛港——最终，这些砂砾在中国大部分将转变为建筑以及汽车。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

“2011年9月份我购买了两船铁矿石，从澳大利亚驶出是180美元，一个多月后到达青岛港时，价格掉到130美元，两船我净亏了1个多亿，把一年利润都给亏进去了。”青岛世纪瑞丰集团董事长刘毓崑站在百盛写字楼40层，看着远处的青岛港码头苦笑着说。世纪瑞丰是青岛最大的民营铁矿石贸易商之一，每年进口的铁矿石近1000万吨。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

此时，他的手机响了。电话那边，一家想卖铁矿石的贸易商也在寻找买家。“2011年的这个时候，中国钢厂和贸易商都误判了基本面，买了大量铁矿石，谁料欧债危机出现了，中国经济随后也直线下滑，铁矿石价格从2011年9月份开始就跳水了。现在，青岛港还有很多铁矿石被直接弃单了。”刘毓崑挂上电话说。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

过去两周，中国的热煤(常用于发电的煤种)和铁矿石买家纷纷取消合同，令其价格大幅下挫。中国支付的铁矿石价格已从2011年9月份的顶点下降了超过三分之一，降至每吨130美元左右，巴西淡水河谷在价格上一再向中国钢厂优惠促销，但钢厂们仍没有表现出购买的兴趣。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

前港矿石公司是青岛港铁矿石的接卸公司。2012年5月29日下午，矿石码头上有两艘好望角型矿砂船在同时卸载。一位在港口工作了十年的卸船负责人称，今年以来，铁矿石进口量并没有明显减少，每天依旧有四五条船进港卸货，卸船工人依旧“三班倒”，但现在最头疼的是铁矿石卸下后的堆放问题，“和过去两年不一样，没人来把这些铁矿石运走了”。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

在青岛港铁矿石堆场里，一位来自潍坊的卡车司机正慵懒地把腿架在方向盘上。“今年这边生意比去年差多了，都没什么活干。现在每天来矿砂船只比以前少一点，但过来拉矿的人比以前少多了。”他说。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

这种过山车感受最强烈的，当属生活在青岛港前湾码头附近的饭店。一家饭店老板表示，在过去两年，河北、山西的火车司机来往不断，但最近一两个月，外地过来拉铁矿石的人就越来越少了。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

前港码头一位中层对南方周末记者说：“一天下来，有铁矿石拉出去，也有新的运进来，也许矿石堆看不出有什么变化，但要知道，现在港口每天进出的铁矿石火车只有三十多列，而在高峰期时最少时有五十多列的。”kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

青岛港集团一位内部人士向南方周末记者透露，青岛港2012年的经营形势明显不乐观，尽管集装箱进口量依旧在增长，但铁矿石显然比往年差了不少。“如今钢厂都只维持一个最低量的运转，贸易商的货全堆在码头上了，整个码头铁矿石堆积量在1500万吨左右，码头连办公楼都拆了堆铁矿石，实在找不出地能腾出来做堆场了。”kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

钢厂靠多元化过冬kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

“钢铁业现在产能严重过剩，我们的利润率从2008年以前的最高10%，降到现在0以下了。”kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

数据来源：国家统计局kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

一直以来，大宗商品市场已经对中国第一季库存膨胀见怪不怪，因为那时候恰逢春节假期，工厂生产放慢，而后随着工业活动的加快，库存会在第二季逐步下降。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

然而，今年的情况不一样。受到信贷条件趋紧和房地产市场降温的影响，中国大部分钢厂已开始减产，导致铁矿石库存上升到历史高位。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

“新华-中国铁矿石价格指数”显示，截至5月28日，中国港口铁矿石库存达9724万吨，包括青岛港、日照港等主要铁矿石进口港口，均以超过千万吨的数字接近历史高点，有港口甚至已经因仓储能力饱和而拒绝接受货物进港。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

中国是全球最大的钢铁市场。过去十年，由中国快速工业化和城镇化带动，钢铁需求在过去十年大幅增长，年均增长率达到15%，使得中国钢铁产量占到全球的40%以上。这同时也让中国成为全球最大的铁矿石消费国，2011年占到全球交易总量的60%。麦格里报告称，中国创造了“铁矿石历史上最大牛市”。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

不过铁矿石的黄金时代十有八九已一去不返。据中国钢铁协会发布的一季度钢企盈利报表显示，2012年一季度的中国钢铁业惊现全行业亏损现象，这是进入2000年以来，首次出现整个行业的亏损。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

“钢铁业现在产能严重过剩，我们的利润率从2008年以前的最高10%，降到现在0以下了。”济南钢铁一位管理层透露，6月份钢铁市场将经历残酷的去库存过程，济钢面临的问题，已经从“如何吃好”变成“如何吃饱”。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

越来越多的中小钢铁厂商选择削减产出并减少铁矿石购买量。“很多中小钢铁厂关闭了他们的炼钢炉，他们生产亏钱，不生产因为机器损耗，也要亏钱。”世纪瑞丰董事长刘毓崑称，这种形势让众多小钢厂几乎不储备铁矿石，用多少买多少，“买涨不买跌”也成为众多钢企的主要心理，“以前他们都买一个月的量，现在一周的量都不备了”。而这也是港口铁矿石积存的主要原因之一。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

上述济南钢铁人士也声称，济南钢铁不得不削减产能，并尽量以一些低价格低品位的国内铁矿石，来替代价格昂贵的进口矿;同时由于核心业务前景黯淡，济钢不得不在非钢产业领域寻找利润支撑，包括房地产、物流，清洁技术和化学制品生产。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

不仅仅是济钢，在过去几个月，中国许多实力强大的钢铁集团都在悄然扩展核心业务之外的领域。全球第三大钢铁制造商宝钢集团在去年实现的187亿元人民币净利润中，有一半来自非钢业务，而前年这一比例还仅为20%。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

而武汉钢铁集团甚至计划开办养猪场——他们声称将在未来5年拿出300亿元人民币投资于非钢领域，包括养猪、养鱼、有机蔬菜种植以及物流和化学制品生产。按产量计算，武钢是中国第四大钢铁制造商。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

“中国钢铁业现在需要一个大调整大洗牌了，否则很难走出低谷。”济南钢铁上述人士感叹。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

摇摇欲坠的产业链kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

上海大新华船舶管理公司一位负责人告诉南方周末记者，很多大型矿砂船船东因为持续亏损，而不得不拆船止损。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

铁矿石的降温，也引起了全产业链的“感冒”，贸易、航运、货代、造船业，如今都在苦苦挣扎。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

“政府也急了，上周青岛税务局就约了包括我们在内的20家企业去座谈，说我们今年缴税额怎么大幅下降了。我跟政府说，谁不想赚钱，但业绩下降这么多，我们也没有办法。”世纪瑞丰董事长刘毓崑称，最近两个月，世纪瑞丰的铁矿石业绩较2011年下滑了一半以上，且最近两个月因为从巴西订的铁矿石价格下滑，再次被套牢。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

如此的步履艰辛，让刘毓崑不禁怀念2003年刚开始做铁矿石贸易时的好日子。那时候中国大量地方钢厂开始起飞，澳大利亚和巴西的矿产产能也不够，铁矿石几乎是天天上涨，放眼望去，青岛港矿石码头被堵得满满的，每个月都有十几条船靠不进来，排队都要排一个月，“对于贸易商来说，现在的日子比 2008年金融海啸时还难过”。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

1990年以来，中国已占全球铁矿石海运贸易增长的82%，2000年以来则占了93%，全球航运市场在2003年后也步入了黄金时代。青岛国际经济技术合作集团的船长焦清华记得，在2006年以前做铁矿石航运，几乎一年就能把船钱挣回来，全国各大造船厂的门槛都被手握现金的船东们踏破了，“造船厂少，2006年去排队，订单都排到了2012年后。”kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

通过私人关系，焦清华和他的船东在2006年终于拿到了一艘矿砂船，在拿到船的当天晚上，无数投资者给他们打电话要买下他们的船，结果第二天他们加了一千万，就把船给卖出去了。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

受到航运业繁荣的推动，中国造船企业在沿海雨后春笋般涌现。10年前，中国制造的船舶不到全球的10%。如今，按载重量计算，中国造船业规模已经跃居世界第一。中国熔盛重工集团、太平洋造船集团和扬子江船业，都是这股潮流中的弄潮儿。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

很快，海运贸易给集装箱运货船、干散货船以及油轮带来的盈利大增，鼓励很多船东一窝蜂订购船舶，其数量之多，远远超过实际可能达到的需求量。上海大新华船舶管理公司一位负责人告诉南方周末记者，仅2011年，好望角型干散货船的总交付量就达到300艘，使全球船队运力增加近21%，到2012 年，还有230艘将交付给船东——而在2008年以前，澳大利亚和巴西的铁矿石航线上，仅有700艘船。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

“由于运力严重过剩和铁矿石贸易不景气，所有好望角型船都在亏损。”焦清华告诉南方周末记者，2011年后交付的新船，一下水即意味着亏损，所以船东们都尽量推迟交割新船;吨位越大的船亏损越多，大多数船每日进账才7000美元，而运营成本一般超过1.5万美元。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

而随着全球造船业跌入低谷，中国庞大的造船工业开始显得有点摇摇欲坠。钢铁价格上涨、产能过剩以及全球运费处于极低水平，也削弱了中国造船业的利润率。目前国内船舶手持订单量最大的熔盛重工(01101.HK)，在半年内的股价下滑了约25%，凸显出造船业面临的不确定性。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

在青岛港前湾码头以南5公里，隶属于央企中国船舶重工股份有限公司的青岛北海重工即在苦苦支撑当中。2012年北船重工原计划实现完工交船17艘，但由于害怕订单被失去信心的船东取消，该公司大多数员工都在外跑业务，“毫无疑问，这是中国造船业最艰难的时刻了，假使未来两年内中国有一百多家小型造船厂倒闭，我也不会感到惊讶。”该公司一位负责人这样告诉南方周末记者。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

上海大新华船舶管理公司一位负责人告诉南方周末记者，很多大型矿砂船船东因为持续亏损，而不得不拆船止损。kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语

May 8, 2012, Qingdao, Shandong Hong Kong cargo terminal is unloading iron ore.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Thousand tons of iron ore stranded in Qingdao Port, large ore carriers, ship owners because of the continued loss of ship-breaking, steel mills no longer make iron and steel, all this seems to indicate that China's economy has run into trouble. However, the new stimulus policies will be from?kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Whistle, the "river" slowly stopped in the mist before the Qingdao Port Bay 20-ton ore terminal. Mooring work will last a few more than ten centimeters in diameter, thick cable, on the iron pickets set heavy on the pier. Along the railroad tracks parallel with the pier, three 60-meter-high bridge shipunloader open over giant "grab" stretched out, unloaded from the ship iron ore fines, sent through the stretches more than ten kilometers long transport with yard.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Super yard of the former Bay Port this backdrop, the wheel looks like a toy. Qingdao Harbor, iron ore yard behind a guarded gate, filled with hundreds of seat yellow, brown, gray iron ore hill the corner of the port area, the foot as much as thousands of tons.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
In the past, these iron ore means a big moneymaker. And now, they become a big trouble in the port of Qingdao.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Iron ore is usually booked traders bought steel mills, but with the decline in iron ore prices and reduced demand, many steel mills are reluctant to honor the contract, traders can not find the next home to take over can only let the accumulation by the iron ore port.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Qingdao Port is China's largest iron ore importer in Hong Kong is one of the iron ore imports accounted for almost 1/7 of China's total imports. Once a day, over 10,000 trucks and over 30 trains loaded with iron ore from the port towards the inland provinces of China, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi - Truck have a two-story, each train up to 1.5 km huge traffic like a river.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
But in the past six months, this "river" began drying up. China Iron and Steel Association data show that as the world's largest steel producer, in 2011 China's steel demand growth to slow to 8 percent in 2012 is likely to slow to 4%. Iron and steel production fell a direct impact on the two main steelmaking demand for commodities - iron ore and coking coal.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
One of the Qingdao Port backlog of iron ore shippers, Jinan Iron and Steel, a top executive to the Southern Weekend reporter said that as serious excess of the regulation of real estate and infrastructure industry brakes, steel supply, Jinan Iron and Steel had to cut production in an effort to iron ore inventories remain low, and tried to extend the non-steel business for the winter.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Removed office heap of iron orekPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
"Steel only to maintain the operation of a minimum amount of the goods of traders piled on the pier, the whole terminal, iron ore accumulation of about 15 million tons, Pier office buildings removed a heap of iron ore, it is can not find to devote to do the yard. "kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Even if standing on Zhongshan Road, Qingdao Parkson office, overlooking the Bay wharf in Qingdao Port in the sunset of more than 10 kilometers away, the huge ore boats and mountains of iron ore is also quite shocking.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Qingdao Port of radiation in North China, Hebei Iron & Steel and Shandong Iron and Steel and other large steel companies have ore from here to enter the harbor. In the past in 2011, imported more than one hundred million tons of iron ore. These gravel from Brazil, Australia or South Africa, the global mining giant CVRD, Rio Tinto, BHP Billiton, etc. from the ground, the boat load of ten tons of the Cape of Good Hope, after 40 days or two weeks long ocean party arrived in Qingdao, Hong Kong - Ultimately, these gravel in China will change for the construction and automotive.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
September 2011 I purchased two ships iron ore from Australia pulled out $ 180 more than a month after the arrival Qingdao Port, the price fell to $ 130, two ships I have a net loss of over one billion, a gave the loss of annual profit into Qingdao century Ruifeng Group chairman Liu Yukun stood Parkson office 40 floors looked away Qingdao Port, with a wry smile. The century RUIFENG Qingdao's largest private iron ore trader, one of nearly 10 million tons of imports of iron ore each year.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
At this point, his cell phone rang. Phone side, one would like to sell iron ore traders are also looking for buyers. 2011 at this time, Chinese steel mills and traders misjudged the fundamentals, buy a lot of iron ore, mended the debt crisis in Europe, China's economy subsequently plummeted, the price of iron ore from September 2011 beginning diving. Now, Qingdao port has a lot of iron ore is directly abandoned single. "Liu Yukun hung up the phone.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
The past two weeks, China's thermal coal (used in power generation coal) and iron ore buyers have to cancel the contract, so that it prices fell sharply. Vertices from September 2011 to pay the price of iron ore in China fell by more than a third, down to about $ 130 per ton, Brazil's CVRD in the price Chinese steel mills Promotions again, but the steel mills are still did not show interest in purchase.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Port Ore Company of Qingdao Port iron ore loading and unloading company. In the afternoon of May 29, 2012, on the ore terminal, two Capesize ore carriers are unloaded at the same time. A work in the port 10 of the unloader is responsible for claims this year, iron ore imports and not significantly reduced, and every day there are still 45 boats into the port of discharge, the unloader workers is still "three shifts", but now the most troublesome after the iron ore remove the stacking problems, "and not the same as in the past two years, no one to those of iron ore was transported away.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Qingdao port iron ore yard, a truck driver from Weifang are lazy legs mounted on the steering wheel. "Side of business this year, worse than last year, have no work to do every day to the ore vessels less than before, but over the pull mine much less than before." He said.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
This roller coaster is most strongly felt, was undoubtedly living in Qingdao Port Bay pier near the hotel. A restaurant owner, said in the past two years, Hebei, Shanxi and the train drivers traveling constantly, but the last couple of months, the field over to pull the iron ore is getting less.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
A middle of the former Ferry Terminal, the Southern Weekend reporter: the day, iron ore pull out of new transport came in, perhaps ore heap do not see any change, but you know, the port every day out of the iron ore train is only 30 columns, the peak of the least when there are 50 columns.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Qingdao Port Group, an insider told the Southern Weekend reporter revealed that the operating situation of Qingdao Port in 2012 was not optimistic, container imports are still growing, but iron ore is clearly than in previous years a lot worse. "Steel only to maintain the operation of a minimum amount of the goods of traders piled on the pier, the whole terminal, iron ore accumulation of about 15 million tons, Pier office buildings removed a heap of iron ore, it is can not find to devote to do the yard. "kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Steel mills rely on diversification of the winterkPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Steel industry capacity serious excess capacity, our profit margins from before 2008 up to 10%, now down to below zero. "kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Source: National Bureau of StatisticskPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Has been in commodity markets has got used to the first quarter inventory expansion, because at that time coincides with the Lunar New Year holidays, factory production slowed down, then speed up with the industrial activities, inventory in the second quarter of gradual decline.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
However, this year's situation is different. By the impact of tighter credit conditions and the real estate market is cooling, most Chinese steel mills have cut production, resulting in iron ore stockpiles rise to historic highs.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Xinhua - China's iron ore price index "As of May 28, China's iron ore port stocks reached 97.24 million tons, including imports of iron ore port of Qingdao Port, Rizhao Port, are more than 1000 tons of digital close to record highs, a port has even refused to accept the goods into Hong Kong due to saturation of storage capacity.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
China is the world's largest steel market. In the past decade, driven by China's rapid industrialization and urbanization, substantial growth in steel demand in the past decade, average annual growth rate of 15 percent, making Chinese steel production accounted for more than 40 percent of the global. It would also allow China to become the world's largest iron ore consumer, accounted for 60% of the total global trading in 2011. Macquarie report said China has created the biggest bull market in iron ore history.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
But the golden age of likelihood of iron ore has gone. According to one-quarter steel prices earnings statements released by the China Iron and Steel Institute, in 2012 a quarter of China's steel industry is the Jingxian industry-wide loss phenomenon, which is the entire industry losses for the first time since the 2000.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Steel industry capacity serious excess capacity, our profit margins from before 2008 up to 10%, now down to below zero. "Jinan Iron and Steel, a management revealed in June, the steel market will experience a cruel destocking process of economic steel facing, from "How to eat" into "how to eat."kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
More and more small and medium-sized steel makers to cut output and reduce the amount of iron ore purchase. "A lot of small and medium-sized steel plants closed their steel-making furnaces, and they produce to lose money, not production, but also lose money because the machine loss." Century Ruifeng chairman Liu Yukun this situation for many small steel mills almost no reserves of iron ore, how much to buy and how much "to buy up or not to buy" many steel enterprises mainly psychological, "they amount to buy a month ago, the week's volume is not prepared. The port iron ore accumulated one of the main reasons.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
The Jinan Iron and Steel have also claimed that, Jinan Iron and Steel had to cut capacity, and as far as the low-price low-grade domestic iron ore to replace expensive imported ore; core business prospects, Jinan Iron and Steel had in a non-steel industry field looking for support profits, including real estate, logistics, clean technology and chemicals production.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Not only Jinan Iron and Steel in the past few months, many of China's powerful Iron and Steel Group have quietly expanded the areas outside the core business. The world's third-largest steelmaker Baosteel Group 18.7 billion yuan net profit last year, half from non-steel business, the year before, this proportion was only 20%.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Wuhan Iron and Steel Group plans to introduce even a pig farm - they claim that in the next five years will come up with 30 billion yuan investment in the field of non-steel, including the production of pig farming, fish farming, organic vegetable cultivation as well as logistics and chemicals. In terms of volume, the Wuhan Iron and Steel, China's fourth largest steelmaker.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
"China's steel industry is a big adjustment major reshuffle would be difficult to out of the woods." These people of Jinan Iron and Steel sigh.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Crumbling industrial chainkPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
Shanghai Grand China Ship Management company official told the Southern Weekend reporter, many large ore carriers, ship owners because of continued losses, and shipbreaking had to stop.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
The cooling of the iron ore, also caused the whole industry chain "cold", trade, shipping, freight forwarding, shipbuilding, and now are struggling.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
"Government Qingdao Inland Revenue Department last week, about 20 companies, including us, to the discussion this year, the tax amount how sharply dropped with the Government, who do not want to make money, but the results fell so much, nothing we can do. "century RUIFENG chairman Liu Yukun said the last two months, iron ore results Ruifeng of the century compared to 2011 fell by more than half, and the last two months because of the set from the Brazilian iron ore prices decline , is stuck again.kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
So walking difficult, Liu Yukun can not help but miss the good old days when the first started in 2003 iron ore trade. Started to take off when a large number of local steel mills in China, Australia and Brazil's mineral production is not enough iron ore almost up every day, looking ahead, the Qingdao Port ore terminal blocked full every month and dozens of ship by not come in the queue have to row a month, "For traders, now days than the 2008 financial tsunami also sad".kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语
kPRRainbow Mandarin 彩虹汉语